Search results for "Fatty acid metabolism"
showing 10 items of 37 documents
Exposure to environmental radionuclides is associated with altered metabolic and immunity pathways in a wild rodent
2019
Wildlife inhabiting environments contaminated by radionuclides face putative detrimental effects of exposure to ionizing radiation, with biomarkers such as an increase in DNA damage and/or oxidative stress commonly associated with radiation exposure. To examine the effects of exposure to radiation on gene expression in wildlife, we conducted a de novo RNA sequencing study of liver and spleen tissues from a rodent, the bank vole Myodes glareolus. Bank voles were collected from the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone (CEZ), where animals were exposed to elevated levels of radionuclides, and from uncontaminated areas near Kyiv, Ukraine. Counter to expectations, we did not observe a strong DNA damage resp…
Interactive effects of aging and aerobic capacity on energy metabolism-related metabolites of serum, skeletal muscle, and white adipose tissue
2021
ABSTRACTAerobic capacity is a strong predictor of longevity. With aging, aerobic capacity decreases concomitantly with changes in whole body metabolism leading to increased disease risk. To address the role of aerobic capacity, aging and their interaction on metabolism, we utilized rat models of low and high intrinsic aerobic capacity (LCRs/HCRs) and assessed the metabolomics of serum, muscle, and white adipose tissue (WAT). We compared LCRs and HCRs at two time points: Young rats were sacrificed at 9 months, and old rats were sacrificed at 21 months. Targeted and semi-quantitative metabolomics analysis was performed on ultra-pressure Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS)…
Effects of ibuprofen and carbamazepine on the ion transport system and fatty acid metabolism of temperature conditioned juveniles of Solea senegalens…
2018
The increasing presence of pharmaceuticals in aquatic environments in the last decades, derived from human and veterinary use, has become an important environmental problem. Previous studies have shown that ibuprofen (IB) and carbamazepine (CBZ) modify physiological and biochemical processes in Senegalese sole (Solea senegalensis) in a temperature-dependent manner. In other vertebrates, there is evidence that both of these pharmaceuticals interfere with the ‘arachidonic acid (AA) cascade’, which is responsible for the biosynthesis of numerous enzymes that are involved in the osmoregulatory process. The present work aims to study the temperature-dependent effects of these two pharmaceuticals…
ROS and Lipid Droplet accumulation induced by high glucose exposure in healthy colon and Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells
2020
Lipid Droplets (LDs) are emerging as crucial players in colon cancer development and maintenance. Their expression has been associated with high tumorigenicity in Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs), so that they have been proposed as a new functional marker in Colorectal Cancer Stem Cells (CR-CSCs). They are also indirectly involved in the modulation of the tumor microenvironment through the production of pro-inflammatory molecules. There is growing evidence that a possible connection between metabolic alterations and malignant transformation exists, although the effects of nutrients, primarily glucose, on the CSC behavior are still mostly unexplored. Glucose is an essential fuel for cancer cells, an…
Serum metabolites in non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease development or reversion; a targeted metabolomic approach within the PREDIMED trial
2017
Background Limited prospective studies have examined changes in non-alcoholic fatty-liver disease (NAFLD) related serum-metabolites and none the effects of NAFLD-reversion. We aimed to evaluate whether perturbations in metabolites indicate predisposition to NAFLD development and to assess the effects of NAFLD reversion on metabolite profiles. Methods A targeted liquid-chromatography tandem mass-spectrometry metabolic profiling (n = 453 metabolites) approach was applied, using serum from 45 subjects of the PREDIMED study, at baseline and after a median 3.8-year follow-up. NAFLD was determined using the hepatic steatosis index; with three groups classified and studied: Group 1, not characteri…
Polymorphism rs1761667 in the CD36 Gene Is Associated to Changes in Fatty Acid Metabolism and Circulating Endocannabinoid Levels Distinctively in Nor…
2017
The multifunctional CD36 scavenger receptor facilitates fatty acid (FA) uptake and oxidation and it has been involved in the pathophysiology related to dysfunctional FA metabolism. The common variant in the CD36 gene, rs1761667 (A/G), whose allele A is characterized by a reduced protein expression, has been associated with taste sensitivity to and preference for fat. We therefore aimed at evaluating whether the CD36 polymorphism may influence fatty acid metabolism and endocannabinoid biosynthesis in normal weight (NW) and obese (OB) subjects. Red blood cell (RBC) fatty acid composition, and plasma endocannabinoid levels were determined. In NW subjects with AA genotype was found a marked red…
Adrenic acid Δ4 desaturation and fatty acid composition in liver microsomes of spontaneously diabetic Wistar BB rats
1994
We examined the delta 4 (n-6) desaturation and the fatty acid composition of liver microsomes in the insulin-dependent spontaneously diabetic Wistar Bio-Breeding (BB) rat. The desaturation of adrenic acid to n-6 docosapentaenoic acid was decreased in the normo- and hyperglycemic diabetic rats. Insulin treatment with 1.0 IU. 100 g body weight-1 twice a day for 2 days restored the reduced activity during the hypoglycemic period. The pattern of responses was similar to that of linoleic acid delta 6 and dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid delta 5 desaturases, with a non-parallel relationship between the desaturation system and the glycemia. The microsomal fatty acid composition of BB rat liver reflecte…
Hepatic and very low-density lipoprotein fatty acids in obese offspring of overfed dams.
2010
The combined effects of developmental programming and high-fat feeding at weaning on fatty acid metabolism of the offspring are not well known. In the present study, we aim at characterizing the influence of maternal and offspring's own diets on liver and very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) lipids; fatty acid profiles of VLDL and liver phospholipids, triglycerides, and cholesteryl esters; and hepatic enzyme activities. Twenty obese male rats born to cafeteria diet-fed dams and 20 control rats born to control diet-fed dams were selected. At weaning, 10 rats of each group were fed control or cafeteria diet. Obese rats had a significant increase in serum glucose, insulin, leptin, VLDL apolipop…
Eicosapentaenoic acid modulates fatty acid metabolism and inflammation in Psammomys obesus.
2015
Abstract The desert gerbil, Psammomys obesus, is a unique polygenic animal model of metabolic syndrome (insulin resistance, obesity and type 2 diabetes), and these pathological conditions resemble to those in human beings. In this study, the animals were fed ad libitum either a natural diet (ND) which contained desertic halophile plants or a standard laboratory diet (STD) or a diet which contained eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), hence, termed as EPA diet (EPAD). In EPAD, 50% of total lipid content was replaced by EPA oil. By employing real-time PCR, we assessed liver expression of key genes involved in fatty acid metabolism such as PPAR-α, SREBP-1c, LXR-α and CHREBP. We also studied the expres…
Correction of glycaemia and GLUT1 level by mildronate in rat streptozotocin diabetes mellitus model
2011
Anti-ischaemic drug mildronate suppresses fatty acid metabolism and increases glucose utilization in myocardium. It was proposed that it could produce a favourable effect on metabolic parameters and glucose transport in diabetic animals. Rats with streptozotocin diabetes mellitus were treated with mildronate (100 mg/kg daily, per os, 6 weeks). Therapeutic effect of mildronate was monitored by measuring animal weight, concentrations of blood glucose, insulin, blood triglycerides, free fatty acids, blood ketone bodies and cholesterol, glycated haemoglobin per cent (HbA1c%) and glucose tolerance. GLUT1 mRNA and protein expression in kidneys, heart, liver and muscles were studied by means of re…